Geographic information system-based comprehensive oil spill risk assessment in China’s Bohai Sea

The Chinese Bohai Sea is a semi-enclosed, highly vulnerable continental sea that exposed to the risk of oil spills due offshore and gas activities. In this study, geographic information system (GIS)-based “tanks–pipelines–platforms–ships–channels” (TPPSC) comprehensive framework, including storage tank indicator, pipeline platform ship channel was built analyze marine spill in show spatial differentiation using GIS entropy weight method (EWM). proposed will overcome shortcomings traditional statistical scenario analysis theories. results extremely high-risk areas are mostly located Liaodong Bay Bay; Strait on north side Shandong Peninsula; moderate-risk mainly both sides Strait; low-risk south Bay, middle Strait, Laizhou west Sea. This framework demonstrated applicability new assessment model, evaluation tests provided useful for future research management.